Algebra is the discipline of pure mathematics that is concerned with the study of the abstract properties of a set, once this is endowed with one or more operations that respect certain rules (axioms) ...

Commutative algebra and algebraic geometry form a deeply interwoven field that investigates the structure of polynomial rings, their ideals, and the geometric objects defined by these algebraic sets.

This is a preview. Log in through your library . Abstract Let k be a commutative ring with unit of characteristic $p > 0$ and let G = Spec(A) be an affine commutative ...