Introduction -- Coordinates and reference systems -- 3. Map projections -- 4. Transformations -- 5. Global navigation satellite systems -- 6. Case studies -- Appendix A. Terminology -- Appendix B.

Satellite image of the Earth with the Atlantic Ocean in the centre. From space, the Earth looks like a sphere or a ball. About two thirds of the surface is covered with water, and the rest is covered ...

Ever since we discovered Earth was round, mapmakers have struggled to create a map that accurately shows our planet in 2D. Most notably, Africa always ends up appearing far smaller than it actually is ...

OUR map of the world hasn’t changed much in centuries. It seems to be set in stone. The thing is, it’s not accurate. When this world map was charted in the 1600s according to the Mercator’s projection ...

Think about a map of the world. The image you're picturing will most likely resemble the Mercator projection—a 2D representation of the globe created in the 1500s which most maps you commonly come ...

Satellite image of the Earth with the Atlantic Ocean in the centre. From space, the Earth looks like a sphere or a ball. About two thirds of the surface is covered with water, and the rest is covered ...