Careful evaluation and selection of datasets for scientific research are essential, particularly for poorly observed regions such as Central Asia. The ERA5, the new generation reanalysis of European ...

Imagine wringing out the entire atmosphere like a sponge; how much water would fall? That’s what precipitable water tells us. Precipitable water (often abbreviated as PWAT) is a measure of how much ...

Atmospheric water vapour is a key driver of weather, climate variability and the hydrological cycle. Its distribution and temporal variability influence cloud formation, precipitation processes and ...

The Nature Index 2026 Research Leaders reveal the leading institutions and countries/territories in the natural sciences, health sciences, applied sciences and social sciences, according to their ...

NORFOLK, Va. — Meteorologists use several tools at their disposal that help to determine the amount of moisture that is present in the atmosphere at any given time. Two recognizable examples of this ...